MARY ALEXANDER • 20 JULY 2024

“Settler savages try to tear a Palestinian child apart in the occupied West Bank,” reads the caption for a photo circulating on social media in South Africa and elsewhere since late June 2024.

The photo shows men pulling at the legs of a small person, horizontal and off the ground, while others – obscured by onlookers – pull at the person’s arms. A man in uniform is at left.

On Facebook, the claim has been posted* as a screenshot of a now-deleted X post with comments such as:

• “They will tell you all the Arab hate them and want to anhilate them. If it’s true maybe there ia a strong reason to this….”
• “This is what Zionism has turned them into.”
• “When basic human standards are violated…. The barbaric nature of the Zionist Israeli settlers….”

Israel is a country in the Middle East and the world’s only Jewish state, established within Palestine in 1948. Today, what remains of Palestine is the tiny Gaza Strip to the west and the larger West Bank in the east, so named because it lies on the western bank of the Jordan river.

Since 1967 Israeli settlements have steadily encroached on Palestinian territories, particularly the West Bank. The United Nations human rights commissioner has reported that some 700,000 Israeli settlers are “living illegally in the occupied West Bank”.

On 19 July the UN’s international court of justice gave an advisory opinion that Israel’s presence in occupied Palestinian territories was illegal, and that Israel was obliged to end its presence, evacuate all settlers and stop new settlements.

But does the photo really show settlers trying to “tear a Palestinian child apart in the occupied West Bank”?

Border police halt illegal occupiers during 2009 settlement freeze

A reverse image search reveals that the photo is almost 15 years old, and the person being pulled at is an Israeli settler, not a Palestinian child.

The photo is part of the Getty Images collection of stock photography, credited to AFP photographer Yehuda Raizner and dated 13 September 2009.

Its caption reads: “Israeli settlers try to pull a fellow settler as he is dragged away by border policemen during clashes at the entrance to the illegal outpost of Havat Gilad, west of the occupied West Bank city of Nablus, after Israeli police tried to confiscate a truck containing material to build a new house.”

It adds: “The United States has been trying for months to secure an Israeli settlement freeze while pressing Arab states for reciprocal concessions to clear the way for a resumption of Israeli-Palestinian talks suspended in late December.”

The 2009 attempt at a settlement freeze was just one of many over decades.

There is no Palestinian child in the photo. The claim is false.

* Some Facebook and Instagram users may have deleted their posts after Meta’s Third-Party Fact-Checking Program rated their claims as untrue.

Report published by Africa Check on 30 July 2024

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MARY ALEXANDER • 10 JUNE 2024

On the night of 26 May 2024 an Israeli airstrike on a tent camp in the Gaza Strip city of Rafah claimed at least 46 civilian lives, half of them women, children and older people.

More than a million refugees have fled to Rafah, Gaza’s southernmost city, to escape Israel’s invasion. The bombing was in a part of the city Israeli authorities had designated a “safe zone” for civilians.

The Israel-Gaza war began after the Hamas-led attack on Israel from Gaza on 7 October 2023. As of 5 June 2024, the war has killed more than 36,500 people in Gaza and over 1,200 in Israel.

Soon after the Rafah strike, disturbing images and videos claimed to show its dead and wounded started circulating on social media. Equally distressing videos appeared in news reports, with advisories that the worst footage had been omitted.

One eyewitness described the scene: “I saw bodies everywhere. Children burning. I saw heads without bodies, the injured running around in pain, some alive but trapped inside burning tents.”

The attack came two days after the International Criminal Court ordered Israel to stop its broader assault on Rafah, which began on 6 May. The order came out of South Africa’s ongoing genocide case against Israel.

‘What the hell is wrong with you?’

Then a video of a woman condemning the Rafah strike started doing the rounds on social media, with the claim she was US actor Candice King.*

The video begins with text on the screen: “BEHEADED BABIES! WHAT THE HELL IS WRONG WITH YOU?”

The woman says: “I’m not talking about you guys or the Israeli government. I’m talking about you guys who still remain silent because you don’t want to lose your sponsor.”

The video’s most common caption reads: “American actress Candice King calls out the Israeli regime for slaughtering babies in Gaza, with last night’s massacre in Rafah standing as the most recent evidence.”

Separate analyses of the strike’s debris by CNN and the New York Times found that the bombs used were made in the US. That country has supported Israel since the 7 October Hamas attack.

US backing has been crucial to Israel. But polls suggest US public opinion on the war has become divided. Celebrity opinion is equally divided.

Did Hollywood actor Candice King, known for her roles in the hit TV series The Vampire Diaries and The Originals, really post the video?

US actor has not mentioned Rafah strike

A quick look at photos and videos of the actor Candice King shows that she is not the woman in the viral video. Their features and hair colour are different – as are their accents.

Reverse image searches of frames from the video led us to the Instagram account of another Candice King, a South African travel influencer. The account’s bio reads: “South Africa’s most followed travel family. Using our voice to free Palestine.”

King posted her Instagram video condemning the Rafah bombing on 27 May. She has posted several other messages in support of Palestine.

The US actor King has not mentioned Rafah on her Instagram or X/Twitter accounts since the 26 May airstrike.

* Some Facebook and Instagram users may have deleted their posts after Meta’s Third-Party Fact-Checking Program rated their claims as untrue.

Published by Africa Check on 10 June 2024

The post Which Candice King? South African travel influencer in video condemning Gaza bombing, not US actor with same name appeared first on South Africa Gateway.

MARY ALEXANDER • 3 JUNE 2024
Published by Africa Check on 7 June 2024

“The International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant for Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu,” reads the common version of a claim circulating on social media in Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda and elsewhere since 20 May 2022.*

Other versions include:

• The International Criminal Court (ICC) officially issues arrest warrants for Netanyahu & the Israeli Minister of Defense.
• The International Criminal Court which has issued an arrest warrant for Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu for war crimes is the same ICC at which Jack Smith, special persecutor of President Trump was employed.
• Finally, the International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant against Netanyahu … the International Court of Justice has also issued arrest warrants against Hamas leaders.

Benjamin Netanyahu has led Israel’s response to the 7 October 2023 Hamas-led attack on his country, which killed more than 1,200 people. At least 245 hostages were taken and other crimes – including rape and torture – committed during and after the attack.

It was launched mainly from the Gaza Strip, a 363 square kilometre Palestinian territory wedged between Israel and the Mediterranean Sea in the Middle East.

The Israel-Gaza war has as of 31 May 2024 killed more than 36,000 Palestinians in Gaza by both military action and a total blockade of essential supplies such as medicine and food. The war is said to be one of the most deadly of the many conflicts since the state of Israel was established within Palestine in 1948.

In December 2023 South Africa opened a case against Israel at the International Court of Justice for breaching the 1948 United Nations Genocide Convention by its actions in Gaza.

The convention defines genocide as “acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group”.

South Africa accused Israel of “killing Palestinians in Gaza, causing them serious bodily and mental harm, and inflicting on them conditions of life calculated to bring about their physical destruction”.

The case is known as South Africa vs Israel, and continues to be heard. Other countries, including Mexico, Libya and Colombia, have since joined South Africa in its suit.

But it’s not true that an arrest warrant has been issued for Netanyahu. Before we discuss why, let’s look at the difference between the two international courts.

Cases against individuals, cases between countries

The International Criminal Court (ICC) and the International Court of Justice (ICJ) both work out of the Hague in the Netherlands to judge crimes against international law.

But there are important differences.

The ICJ – also known as the world court – is the main judicial body of the United Nations and hears disputes between states, such as South Africa vs Israel.

The ICC, by contrast, investigates and prosecutes individual people suspected of committing international crimes. These are set out in a treaty known as the Rome Statute and include crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide.

ICC prosecutor files request to judges

On 20 May the ICC’s chief prosecutor, British lawyer Karim Khan, applied to the court’s first of two pre-trial chambers for arrest warrants against five people for war crimes and crimes against humanity in the “situation in the State of Palestine”.

The five are Netanyahu, as well as Israeli defence minister Yoav Gallant and Hamas leaders Yahya Sinwar, Mohammed Deif and Ismail Haniyeh.

Khan’s application accuses Netanyahu and Gallant of the crimes of murder, starvation, attacks on civilians and more. The three Hamas leaders are accused of being responsible for similar crimes, as well as rape and torture.

But it’s still an application. The ICC has not issued any arrest warrant for the five. And Netanyahu has not been accused of genocide.

Khan’s application has to be decided by ICC judges in a process likely to take months. In March 2008, for example, the ICC prosecutor requested a warrant for the arrest of Sudanese military leader Omar al-Bashir. ICC judges only issued the actual warrant a year later, in March 2009.

The new application has been condemned by the United states, which has not signed the ICC’s Rome Statute. There is debate about whether the ICC will issue the arrest warrants at all.

At the time of publication, the ICC had not issued an arrest warrant for Israeli prime minister Netanyahu.

* Some Facebook and Instagram users may have deleted their posts after Meta’s Third-Party Fact-Checking Program rated their claims as untrue.

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MARY ALEXANDER • 20 March 2024

“ISIS was created and funded by Mossad and the CIA,” reads the caption of an image circulating on social media in Nigeria, South Africa and elsewhere.

It adds: “Israel treated ISIS fighters in their hospitals and John McCain met with their leader and supplied weapons.”

The image shows a row of smiling soldiers holding the black and white flag of Isis, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, next to the blue and white flag of Israel.

Mossad is the foreign intelligence agency of Israel, a country in the Middle East. The CIA is the US Central Intelligence Agency.

John McCain was a US senator and the Republican Party presidential candidate who lost to Barack Obama in 2008. He died in 2018.

What is Isis?

Isis is a militant Sunni Islamist group that captured and held large parts of northern Iraq and eastern Syria in the Middle East from 2014 to 2019. The group’s previous name was the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant, or Isil. It’s also known by its Arabic acronym Daesh, or simply as the Islamic State.

At its height, the Islamic State controlled a self-declared caliphate of roughly 4,400 square kilometres, a region of about 8 million people.

In 2015 the International Criminal Court said it was investigating “crimes of unspeakable cruelty” by the Islamic State. These included:

… mass executions, sexual slavery, rape and other forms of sexual and gender-based violence, torture, mutilation, enlistment and forced recruitment of children and the persecution of ethnic and religious minorities …

The Islamic State has been linked to deadly attacks in Nigeria, Benin, Mozambique, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. It has also claimed responsibility for attacks in more than 20 other countries across the world.

Most recently, an Islamic State group based in Afghanistan claimed responsibility for a 22 February attack on a concert hall on the outskirts of Moscow, Russia’s capital. At least 133 people have so far been reported to have been killed.

But is the image any proof that Isis was “created and funded by Mossad and the CIA”?

US-led African Lion military training in Morocco

A reverse image search reveals that the image has been altered.

In the original photo, the soldiers are holding a green and yellow flag – not the Isis flag – next to the Israeli flag.

The photo appears in news reports on troops from an Israel Defence Forces (IDF) battalion joining the US Africa Command’s African Lion military training exercise in Morocco in June 2023.

Its caption on the Times of Israel reads: “An IDF contingent of soldiers from the Golani Reconnaissance Battalion in Morocco to take part in the US-led African Lion military exercises on June 5, 2023.”

The photo was also posted on the IDF’s official X/Twitter account on 5 June 2023.

משלחת של 12 לוחמים ומפקדים מיחידת סיירת גולני יצאה אתמול לתרגיל “African Lion 2023” בהובלת זרוע היבשה שמתקיים במרוקו.

בתרגיל משתתפות כ-18 מדינות וכ-8,000 חיילים מצבא ארה”ב, מרוקו וגאנה >> pic.twitter.com/4SDKbAcAJl

— צבא ההגנה לישראל (@idfonline) June 5, 2023

A machine translation of the post’s Hebrew text reads:

A delegation of 12 fighters and commanders from the Golani patrol unit left yesterday for the ‘African Lion 2023’ exercise … that is taking place in Morocco. About 18 countries and about 8,000 soldiers from the US army, Morocco and Ghana are participating in the exercise.

The altered image is not proof that Mossad created and funded Isis.

* Some Facebook and Instagram users may have deleted their posts after Meta’s Third-Party Fact-Checking Program rated their claims as untrue.

Report published by Africa Check on 28 March 2024

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MARY ALEXANDER • 18 MARCH 2024

A viral graphic on social media claims that eight major South African opposition parties – identified by their logos – are “standing with Israel”.*

The parties are:

• The Democratic Alliance (DA)
• ActionSA
• The Patriotic Alliance (PA)
• Vryheidsfront Plus / Freedom Front Plus (FF Plus)
• The Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP)
• The African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP)
• The Congress of the People (Cope)
• Build One South Africa (Bosa)

The graphic can also be seen here, here, here and here.

Israel lies between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea in the Middle East. It’s the world’s only Jewish state. The territory also includes the largely Muslim Palestine, made up of the West Bank west of the Jordan and the Gaza Strip east of the Mediterranean.

Most United Nations countries – 139 of 193 – recognise Palestine as a state.

In December 2023 South Africa’s government – led by the ruling African National Congress (ANC) – took to the World Court to accuse Israel of genocide in its war on Gaza. The war began after the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel from Gaza. Hamas has controlled the strip since 2007.

The Israel-Gaza war has so far killed a reported 31,490 Palestinians in Gaza and forced three-quarters of its population to flee their homes. More than 1,400 Israelis have been killed in both territories.

South Africa is set to hold national and provincial elections on 29 May 2024. Opinion polls suggest it could be the most closely run race in 30 years. The ANC may lose the parliamentary majority it has held since South Africa’s first democratic vote, in 1994.

In the 2021 local government elections the ANC won 47.51% of the national vote. Seven of the eight parties in the graphic (except Bosa, established in 2022) won a combined 32.06%.

Do eight South African political parties, seven of them supported by almost a third of the electorate in 2021, say they “stand with Israel”?

Parties’ response to Hamas attack

The graphic first appeared online in the week after the 7 October Hamas attack and has continued to circulate since. In the days after the atttack, only five of the eight parties issued official statements.

Of the five, four –ActionSA, the ACDP, DA and FF Plus – condemned Hamas. ActionSA and the DA also called for peace between Israel and Palestine.

The IFP stopped short of condemnation, only calling on Hamas “to join the peace process”. The ANC’s response was similar, although it also said the attack was “unsurprising” and that it “stands with the people of occupied Palestine”.

The remaining three – the PA, Cope and Bosa – have been vague.

The PA appears to have no stance on the conflict.

Cope has only referred to it three times on X, in nebulous posts that indicate support for South Africa’s genocide charge against Israel. Cope leader Mosiuoa Lekota also welcomed the World Court’s ruling that Israel must prevent genocide in Gaza. And in November, the party distanced itself from an official who said Cope “will stand with Israel”.

Bosa’s only reference to the war is a 29 January 2024 statement, posted on X, that a “two-state solution is the pathway to peace in Israel-Palestine conflict”.

The two-state solution

The two-state solution, in its broadest sense, proposes an end to the conflict by recognising the right of both Israel and Palestine to exist between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. The idea is that 1967 borders should be recognised, based on UN resolutions 242 and 338.

The solution has been rejected by Israeli president Benjamin Netanyahu.

The ANC has repeatedly said it supports the two-state solution “in terms of the 1967 borders”.

The DA’s stance is almost identical, saying it “continues to support a viable and sustainable two-state solution based on United Nations Security Council resolutions 242 and 338”.

In January the party distanced itself from Netanyahu’s declaration that there would be no Palestinian state at the end of the war.

The two-state solution is also supported by the FF Plus (here), the IFP (here and here), ACDP (here) and Bosa (here).

Condemning Hamas for the 7 October attack does not automatically mean a party “stands with Israel”. In fact, South Africa’s ANC-led government itself condemned the attack in its genocide case against Israel.

We found that most of the eight parties have said relatively little, if anything, about the Israel-Gaza war. They’ve said more about local issues.

The only parties that could be considered, by their public statements, to be “standing with Israel” are the FF Plus (here and here) and the ACDP (here).

* Some Facebook and Instagram users may have deleted their posts after Meta’s Third-Party Fact-Checking Program rated their claims as untrue.

Edited version published by Africa Check on 1 March 2024.

The post Little evidence that eight major South African opposition parties ‘stand with Israel’ appeared first on South Africa Gateway.

MARY ALEXANDER • 29 FEBRUARY 2024

“After I finish Palestine, tell African gullible leaders that I’m coming for them to recolonize them.”

That’s a quote attributed to Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, overlaid on a TikTok video circulating widely across social media in February 2024.*

The clip shows Netanyahu giving a speech. It begins with him saying: “After I liberate the Jewish people, I will go to Africa to liberate the black people.”

The audio then switches to a voiceover. “Video footage of Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, talking about Israel’s goals for Africa in a press conference in Uganda, has many on the continent speculating what those plans and goals are,” it says.

“Will Africa be Israel’s next target after they completely dominate Palestine?”

The clip then returns to Netanyahu’s speech. He discusses Israel’s “tremendous opportunities” and how the country has used technology to solve problems in water supply and agriculture.

He then says: “We are eager to share this technology in so many fields with our African friends. We think that Israel is the best partner that the countries of Africa could have.”

The video ends with the voiceover saying: “Do you think Israel is genuinely seeking to help Africa, as stated by the prime minister? Or is there something sinister behind these amazing promises?”

The video can also be seen here, here, here, here, here, here, here and here.

There’s no indication of when Netanyahu made the speech, but the video was first posted on TikTok on 16 February 2024. This was a few days after Israel indicated it would launch a full-scale ground invasion of the southern Gaza city of Rafah.

Israel’s war on Gaza

Israel is a country in the Middle East and the world’s only Jewish state. The Gaza Strip is a small Palestinian territory wedged between Israel and the eastern Mediterranean sea.

Israel has been at war with Gaza since Hamas, which controls the territory, launched a deadly attack on Israel on 7 October 2023. By 28 February 2024 the war had killed 29,954 Palestinians in Gaza and internally displaced 1.7 million more – roughly 75% of its population. About 1,440 Israelis have been killed in both territories.

On 13 February South Africa asked the UN’s International Court of Justice to consider whether Israel’s planned invasion of Rafah, “the last refuge for surviving people in Gaza”, would breach the court’s provisional orders in its genocide case against Israel.

But is the TikTok clip evidence that Netanyahu said “gullible” African leaders should be told Israel would be “coming for them to recolonise them” after he “finished Palestine”? And where and when did he give the speech?

Netanyahu quoting 19th-century Zionist

The footage is more than seven years old and has been edited to deceive.

Africa Check googled phrases from the clip where Netanyahu discusses water and agriculture. This led us to a full transcript of the speech on the Israeli Prime Minister’s Office website, dated 4 July 2016.

It’s headlined: “PM Netanyahu’s Statement at the African Summit”.

Netanyahu toured four East African nations in July 2016. In Uganda, he held a meeting with the leaders of seven countries in the region. The speech was given at that meeting.

The original video of the speech can be seen on the verified Prime Minister of Israel Facebook page, as well as on the Times of Israel YouTube channel.

The original and its transcript reveals that Netanyahu’s opening statement in the TikTok clip – “After I liberate the Jewish people, I will go to Africa to liberate the black people” – has been edited out of context.

The words were not his. Instead, he was quoting the 19th-century Austrian journalist Theodore Herzl, who proposed the idea of a Jewish state in 1896.

What Netanyahu actually said was:

The founder of modern Zionism, the national movement of the Jewish people, was Theodore Herzl, and he said, “After I liberate the Jewish people, I will go to Africa to help liberate the black people.”

And nowhere in the original video does the Israeli prime minister say: “After I finish Palestine, tell African gullible leaders that I’m coming for them to recolonise them.”

Netanyahu’s speech was in July 2016, not February 2024. The TikTok video is deliberately misleading and its claim is false.

* Some Facebook and Instagram users may have deleted their posts after Meta’s Third-Party Fact-Checking Program rated their claims as untrue.

Published by Africa Check on 5 March 2024

The post No, Israeli prime minister Netanyahu didn’t say he would ‘recolonise’ Africa after he ‘finished Palestine’ appeared first on South Africa Gateway.

MARY ALEXANDER • 7 FEBRUARY 2024

Warning: This report fact-checks a violent and distressing video.

A shocking video of two men whipping and clubbing a third man – bruised and bloody, crouched in the dirt and naked except for his grey underwear – is circulating online with the claim it was filmed in South Africa.*

A common caption reads: “South Africa – More disturbing footage from the racist pro Hamas country as we see a white farmer being viciously assaulted with weapons by savages linked to Julius Malema´s EFF.”

EFF is the Economic Freedom Fighters, a political party led by Julius Malema. South Africa is set to hold elections in 2024. The claim first appeared on social media in early January.

Hamas controls the Gaza Strip in the Middle East, a part of Palestine mostly bordered by Israel. The war between the two, raging since Hamas’s deadly 7 October 2023 attack on Israel, had by 5 February 2024 killed a reported 27,478 Palestinians in Gaza and more than 1,400 Israelis in both territories.

In late December 2023 South Africa took to the International Court of Justice to charge Israel with genocide for its conduct of the war inside Gaza. This has led to counter-accusations on social media that there is an ongoing genocide of white people in South Africa.

The myth of white genocide in South Africa – particularly of white farmers – has been repeatedly debunked over many years.

The video’s other captions include:

• This year general elections will be held in South Africa and the fate of 4.8 million of white citizens will be sealed. Let’s hope they choose wisely.
• This is what they are doing to White Farmers in South Africa.
• A Boer farmer in South Africa is being attacked by black South Africans. White farmers face daily attacks, but the media doesn’t cover it. #SouthAfrica #Apartheid #Genocide
• A South African Boer farmer being beaten by black South Africans. The white farmers are being targeted daily with no media coverage.

The claim can also be seen here, here and here.

But the video shows a real hate crime, filmed four years ago on a different continent.

Suspect charged with Brazil’s crime of homophobia in 2020

Africa Check googled phrases from the video’s captions, such as “boer farmer attacked by black South Africans”, with the results limited to January 2024.

This led us to comments on a tweet from the X/Twitter account @Migrants5O73250. The account appears to have repeated the claim, but has been suspended for violating the X Rules.

But the comments remain. One reads: “And that white farmer (who is actually a professor) was beaten by South Africans in Brazil where he lives? Cause his aggressor was sentenced in Brazil and it happened in Brazil. Almost as if you were lying.”

And that white farmer (who is actually a professor) was beaten by South Africans in Brazil where he lives?

Cause his aggressor was sentenced in Brazil and it happened in Brazil.

Almost as if you were lying. https://t.co/MCP1XIANto

— The G (@NotVanVeen) January 19, 2024

It links to a Brazilian news article dated 18 February 2020. A machine translation of the Portuguese headline reads: “After being recorded performing oral sex in a public square, a teacher is brutally beaten in Serra Branca.”

Serra Branca is a city in Paraíba, a northeastern state in the South American country of Brazil.

Photos in the article show the victim after he was rescued by police. His appearance, bruising and wounds, as well as his grey underwear and the dirt he lies in, all indicate he is the man assaulted in the viral video.

He was also interviewed from his hospital bed in a news segment uploaded on YouTube. It clearly shows the same man.

The victim said four people were involved in the attack. One suspect was arrested and charged with the crimes of torture, bodily harm and homophobia.

Homophobia – specifically violence against LGBTQ+ people because of their sexual orientation – is a crime in Brazil.

The attack was widely reported by Brazilian media in February 2020, here, here, here, here, here, here and here.

All evidence points to the attack being in Brazil in 2020, not in South Africa in 2024.

And despite what some captions claim about the media, if the video did show an assault on a white farmer in South Africa it would have been front page news. But there have been no credible reports of such an attack.

* Some Facebook and Instagram users may have deleted their posts after Meta’s Third-Party Fact-Checking Program rated their claims as untrue.

Published by Africa Check on 13 February 2024

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